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Nowadays, available phosphorus (P) deficiency in soil and weed resistance to herbicides have emerged as two severe limiting factors for sustainable agriculture. Therefore, it is of urgent needs to improve plant absorption/utilization ability of the soil P, seek phosphate (Pi)-alternative P fertilizers, and develop new forms of weed control systems. Phosphite (Phi), as a P resource of relatively high amount only less than Pi in Earth, can be converted to utilizable Pi uniquely in some bacterial species by oxidization via its specific dehydrogenase (PTDH), but inhibits plant growth and development. This implies that Phi might rather become a suitable P fertilizer for plants if introducing a PTDH detoxifier from bacteria. Herein, we created the transgenic tobaccos harboring a Pseudomonas PTDH gene (PsPtx) amplified from the soil metagenome previously. RT-PCR showed that the exotic PsPtx gene could express similarly in root, stem and leaf tissues of all transgenic lines. PsPtx transgenic tobaccos could utilize Phi by oxidization as the sole Pi supply, and also outperformed wild-type tobacco with a remarkably dominant growth under Phi stress conditions. Moreover, the PsPtx gene was preliminarily evaluated with a notable quality as a potential candidate of the selection marker in plant genetic transformation. Conclusively, PsPtx and its encoded phosphite dehydrogenase might be applicable for developing a dual system of plant phosphorus utilization and weed control using Phi as P fertilizer and herbicide, and provide an effectual solution to some obstacles in the current crop transgenic studies.
Subject(s)
Oxidoreductases , Phosphites , Phosphorus , Plants, Genetically Modified , Weed ControlABSTRACT
Objective To further investigate the association among clinical pathology,complement activation and renal secretory IgA (SIgA) deposition in patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN).Methods The activation of serum complements were detected by immunoturbidimetry and ELISA.Renal deposition of SIgA and activation of complements were detected by immunofluorescence.Then the association among clinical pathology,complement activation and renal SIgA deposition were analyzed in IgAN patients.Results In all 201 patients with IgAN,59 patients had SIgA deposition with higher incidences of mucosal infection history and hematuria (P ＜ 0.05),lower levels of serum cystatin C,β2 microglobulin and lower tubulointerstitial lesion grades and T-grade in the Oxford classification (P ＜ 0.05),when compared with patients without SIgA deposition.Both alternative and mannose binding lectin (MBL) pathways were activated in patients with or without SIgA deposition.Patients with MBL pathway activation had lower estimate glomerular filtration rate (P ＜ 0.01),higher serum creatinine,higher proportion of glomerulosclerosis and S-grade in the Oxford classification,more severe tubulointerstitial lesion (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Compared with patients without SIgA deposition,patients with SIgA deposition have a stronger link to mucosal immune.The deposition of SIgA is associated with different clinical and pathological manifestations;however,the complement activation is similar in both groups of patients.Patients with MBL pathway activation show more severe kidney injury.
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Objective To explore the effect of spa with free position on parturition of primipara.Methods One hundred and thirty-eight primiparas were equally randomized into control group and observation group. The control group conducted Doula delivery,which means a delivery at recumbent or semi-recumbent position when mouth of the uterus opened by 3 cm and the primiparas in the observation group took free position with spa based on Doula delivery. The two groups were compared in terms of the durations of each labor and total labor, postpartum bleeding 2 h after delivery and neonatal Apgar score,delivery way,pains,anxiety and feeling of control at delivery.Results The postpartum bleeding in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P0.05).Conclusion Aided delivery by spa with free position can reduce labor pain and anxiety levels,improve the birth control and comfort and ultimately enhance the sense of delivery control and comfort.
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AIM: To establish the qualitative method for determining hirudo in Zhiyu Granule (Scorpio, Scolopendra, Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Astragali, etc.) METHODS: Hirudo was determined by anti-thrombin bioactivity method after being extracted from Zhiyu Granule using 95% ethanol. RESULTS: The difference between Zhiyu Granule and the control sample without hirude was significant and easy to identify. CONCLUSION: After being extracted by 95% ethanol, hirudo can be identified from other anti-thrombin bioactivity components in prescription.